The PLSS typically divides land into 6-mile-square townships. Although the lines start out the same distance apart, they get closer together as you get near one or the other end of the ball.\r\n\r\nCorrection lines and guide meridians were established to correct this problem in the government survey system. However, the system calculations also have to be adjusted somewhat to account for the curvature of the earth, which required the addition of Guide Meridians and Standard Parallels. Remember, a township is 6 miles by 6 miles. flashcard sets. Of course, this still makes up a lot of land, so townships are further divided into sections. Some data is missing in this version that is included in the old version. The Metes and bounds system dates back centuries to the original 13 colonies, while the rectangular survey method was established in 1785 and used in all 36 states formed after that point. They are often combined to create a more accurate map of property boundaries. The townships are consecutively numbered by their location within the intersection of multiple range lines and township lines. That means it is 3 townships north of the baseline and 5 townships east of the principal meridian. The roads in a lot of communities in the U.S. run along survey Base Lines as well just like in Arkansas, especially in Little Rock, the baseline road follows the baseline used by the Louisiana Purchase surveyors. Then the numbering drops down to 13 and goes right to left again and so forth:

\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_274749\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"532\"] Townships are divided into 36 sections numbered consecutively. Correction lines occur at every fourth township line or every 24 miles north and south of the baseline. There are two separate and distinct systems of land surveys in the United States: System of metes and bounds in which each parcel of land is . The following is a list of helpful terms:\r\n

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• Quadrangles: The basic squares of land of the rectangular survey system, quadrangles (also government checks, or just checks) are 24 miles square (that means each side is 24 miles long) and are delineated by a principal meridian and a baseline. The Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) or the Government Survey System, is a way of measuring and establishing boundary lines for large areas of land. Standard parallels run east to west along with the baseline. Sections can be divided in several ways, but basically for purposes of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), they are divided in quarter sections.
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• Quarter sections: The divisions of a section, quarter sections, are formed by dividing a section into fourths that are delineated by their direction from the center of the section (northwestNW, northeastNE, southeastSE, and southwestSW). Every fourth township line is called a correction line, and every fourth range line is called a guide meridian. In addition to the principal meridians and baselines, the land is further divided by range lines, which run north and south. Following the passage of the Northwest Ordinance in 1787, the Surveyor General of the Northwest Territory platted lands in the Northwest Territory. Where the two range lines and two township lines intersect, they form a township.\r\n\r\nNow, the way it really works is for this page to be filled with the lines going up and down and right to left so that you have many townships. Its worth noting quadrangles are not used when identifying land with the rectangular survey method, only the principal meridians, baselines, and townships and sections. The legal description of the property's location usually begins with the state and the principal meridian number followed by the township information. Townships are further divided into 36 sections of one square mile each. So, there can be the north, south, east, or west half section.
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\r\nBecause of the curvature of the earth, the lines in the government survey system are only theoretically straight. Range lines run north and south between the principal meridians and are spaced out every six miles. 10.B.3 Government Survey System Flashcards | Quizlet Quadrangles have an area of 576 square miles, more or less, and are divided into 16 townships.\r\n \t

Townships: The divisions of a quadrangle, townships, are six miles square (six miles on each side) and are delineated by township lines. Rectangular Survey System This is also called the section and township system or U.S. Government Section and Township Survey, established in the nineteenth century by the U.S. Surveyor General to survey public lands. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 The rectangular survey or government survey describes For example, a Bound could be a road, tree, river, or large rock. The Surveyor General was later merged with the General Land Office, which later became a part of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management . Where a baseline meets a principal meridian is called a point of origin. So, you can refer to the south (S) 1/2 of the northwest (NW) 1/4 of a section in a township, for example. Yes, but first you need to know the dimensions and measurements of a township. All lands in the public domain are subject to subdivision by this rectangular system of surveys. Specific directional references are needed in the actual description to locate a particular piece of property, but for finding out how large a particular piece of property is, only the fractions matter.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_274747\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"556\"] Sections can be divided in a variety of ways, including quarters and smaller sections. Records kept by the surveyors during the execution of the work varied over time. The system is used to divide public lands into townships, sections, halves, and quarters. In legal documents, such as a lien, deed, trust deed, mortgage, and sales contract, courts require an exact description of where a piece of land is located. This process continues, creating a smaller and smaller grid that can be used to identify the specific location of any property. There are several advantages of the rectangular land survey system. The Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) or the Government Survey System, is a way of measuring and establishing boundary lines for large areas of. Using the Fifth Principal Meridian in Missouri, the description would look like this: The W 1/2 of the SE 1/4 of Section 14, Township 2 South, Range 3 West of the Fifth Principal Meridian, Missouri. Accretion, Avulsion & Reliction: Definition & Effects, Extent of Ownership and Real Property: Air, Surface & Subsurface, Real Property vs. Real Estate | Concepts, Terms & Differences. The creation of the legal description for the Governmental Survey System is based on special longitude and latitude lines called principal meridians and base lines. The rectangular survey system is comprised of principal meridian lines that cover most states in the US, running north to south and baselines running east to west. Its worth noting; quadrangles are not used when identifying land with the rectangular survey method, only the principal meridians, baselines, and townships and sections. You may even see a question or two about the numbering system used for sections. Also Check: When Is Open Enrollment For Government Healthcare. RECTANGULAR GOVERNMENT SURVEY SYSTEM 1 Flashcards | Quizlet For a government survey to be valid, the official plat must have been approved by the government . Quarter sections have an area of 160 acres.

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Half sections: Half section is a description of any two abutting quarter sections within a section, usually accompanied by a directional notation indicating the half of the section in which the two quarter sections are located. Legal Descriptions Using The Government Survey System These are known as correction lines and guide meridians. Townships are subdivided into 36 one-mile- square sections. The section in the uppermost northeast corner of a township is section 1. It references principal meridians and baselines designated throughout the Dont Miss: Small Business Loan Government Programs. That means it is 3 townships north of the baseline and 5 townships east of the principal meridian. Principal meridians run perpendicular to the earths equator, north to south. The Rectangular Survey System is a means of dividing and measuring large areas of land. Now, the way it really works is for this page to be filled with the lines going up and down and right to left so that you have many townships. Tenancy at Will Laws & Examples | What is an Estate at Will? For example, a Bound could be a road, tree, river, or large rock. Discover what the Rectangular Survey System is, where it is usually used, and its main purpose. (The figure below shows a variety of divisions in a quarter section. Areas smaller than full-size sections are known as government lots and are numbered and placed in fractional sections. Using principal meridians and baselines as points of reference, land areas are divided by two kinds of lines, township lines and range lines. Sections also are numbered consecutively. Because the rectangular or government survey system was instituted when the United States was a new country, it was used to describe most of the land west of the original 13 colonies, so most of you are likely to see some questions about this system.\r\n\r\nLongitude and latitude are imaginary lines that divide the earth through the north and south poles (longitude) and run parallel with the equator (latitude). It will serve as the basis for surveys of government in a specified area under its jurisdiction. Previous to the Public Land Survey System, land was surveyed using a confusing landmark-based system called metes and bounds. Concepts will include principal meridians, the PLSS, and how sections of a township are. 1 Square mile is equal to 640 acres. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. The range lines run north and south parallel to the principal meridians. distinguishing among the various surveys. Also Check: Government To Forgive Student Loan Debt. It can be a quick and relatively straightforward way of dividing large areas of land into manageable, legally identifiable sections from the very large to the fairly small. Townships, Sections, and the Government Survey System Explained For example, a piece of land could be identified as the southeast quarter of section 18 of a township, which would be 160 acres. [/caption]\r\n\r\nEach section of 640 acres can be divided into halves and quarters called, get this, half sections and quarter sections. So, you can refer to the south (S) 1/2 of the northwest (NW) 1/4 of a section in a township, for example. In other words, after section number 6, it drops down to 7 on the next tier then goes left to right to number 12. Baselines run parallel to the earths equator, from east to west. These divisions mean just that. All rights reserved. The Metes and bounds system dates back centuries to the original 13 colonies, while the rectangular survey method was established in 1785 and used in all 36 states formed after that point. The numbering then moves from right to left across that first upper tier. Think about two lines running from left to right across this page about an inch apart. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. A township in this system can be both a line and the square of land created by the township lines and range lines. The Rectangular Survey System is a grid system of townships and sections that is used to divide the land into manageable units. You got it: Tic tac toe. Government Rectangular Survey System (GRSS) And Torrens System Government Rectangular Survey System (GRSM) Land survey system primarily used throughout the US but not within the original 13 colonies which are based upon the Meters & Bounds Theory Based upon the longitude and latitude lines and then ultimately upon the meridian (vertical . It isn't used by East Coast states except, Florida, and it also isn't used by Texas. Real Property Ownership Flashcards | Quizlet The Rectangular Survey System is a method of surveying designed to divide the real property into specified plots. )\r\nThe description probably would include the state and county in which the property is located and use abbreviations. View Rectangular Government Survey System.pdf from PLST 222 at Liberty University. Take for example there is a shared baseline in both Nebraska and Kansas as both states border is at the 40th parallel north. He teaches pre-licensing and continuing education courses for salespeople, brokers, and appraisers. These surveys, completed between 1848 and May 1857 were primarily on land located between the St. Croix and Mississippi rivers or in the southeastern corner of Minnesota. Townships are then broken down into sections, which are 36 blocks, each being 1 square mile. Range lines run parallel to the principal meridian and determine how far east and west the township is of that meridian.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'realestatelicensewizard_com-banner-1','ezslot_5',689,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-realestatelicensewizard_com-banner-1-0'); All township locations are defined by referencing how from they are from the principal meridian and baseline. The land can be further divided into even smaller sections by dividing the halves or quarters into smaller halves or quarters. Whenever properties have irregular boundaries, the land may be further described using one of the two other systems described in this section. There may also be questions about how much land is in a specific plot or section. Then the numbering drops down to 13 and goes right to left again and so forth:

\r\n\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_274749\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"532\"] Townships are divided into 36 sections numbered consecutively. Townships have an area of 36 square miles, more or less, and are each further divided into 36 sections.

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Sections: The divisions of a township, sections, are one mile square and have an area of one square mile, or 640 acres. Each section is numbered, starting at the top right corner and going back and forth, left to right, in a serpentine pattern. ( the major vertical line) -37 in the U.S. Base Line The horizontal line ( the major one) Ranges The rectangular survey system, often referred to as the government survey system, is based on a system of lines that form rectangles and squares throughout the. In reality, because of this earth curvature issue, many sections and townships vary from their exact area measurements. Township lines, which run east and west, parallel to baselines, are horizontal parallel lines that form township tiers.\r\n\r\nThink about two lines running from left to right across this page about an inch apart. It uses imaginary lines to set land descriptions on thedistance: base lines run east-west and meridians run north-south. by six miles square (for a total area of 36 square miles or 23,040 acres). 1 Square mile is equal to 640 acres. There are 37 principal meridians in the national survey, which are referred to when. These townships are not the same as political subdivisions.\r\n

Each township is further divided into 36 sections of one square mile each, or 640 acres, by horizontal and vertical section lines. The Public Land Survey System is the surveying method developed and used in the United States to plat, or divide, real property for sale and settling. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. A rectangular survey is read based on the state and meridian line and the property's location, directionally, to that line. Imagine trying to draw straight lines on a rubber ball. 6 b/c each township is divided in 36 sections, each section is 1 sq mile; 36/6 = 6 in each row. Continue with Recommended Cookies. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The description is abbreviated as T1N, R2E. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you It is sometimes referred to as the recorded plat survey system, or the recorded map survey system. Lines that are parallel to the Base Line are called the standard parallels which run at 24-mile intervals north and south of the Base Line. Standard parallels run east to west along with the baseline. Of course. Then the numbering drops down to 13 and goes right to left again and so forth: Each section of 640 acres can be divided into halves and quarters called, get this, half sections and quarter sections. We know that there are 640 acres in one section, and we are taking a 1/4 of a 1/2 section. Base lines The system is based on the principle of surveying the land from a fixed point, called a baseline, and . A government check represents an area that measures 576 square miles. Principal meridians, baselines, and where they intersect (cross each other) are used as the basis for formulating property descriptions in this system. The boundary of each township is 6 miles long, so a township contains 36 square miles and is described as being 6 miles square. Monuments are also placed at quarter-section corners and at other important points, such as the corners of government lots. Running east to west every six miles between the baselines are the township lines. Rectangular Surveys FamilySearch Townships have an area of 36 square miles, more or less, and are each further divided into 36 sections.

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Sections: The divisions of a township, sections, are one mile square and have an area of one square mile, or 640 acres. . The numbering continues directly beneath the sixth section, except that it progresses from left to right on the second tier. It is primarily used throughout the United States with the exception of the thirteen colonies, which was surveyed by the metes and bound method . The earths curvature led to the creation of additional lines called Guide Meridians that is perpendicular to the baseline. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. The rectangular survey system is based on principal meridians and base lines determined by precise scientific measurements. The Lot and Block System has a map showing lot dimensions approved by the Board of County Commissioners. Real Estate License Wizard2009 MacKenzie WaySuite 100Cranberry Twp, PA 16066Phone: (412) 212-3240Email: info [at] realestatelicensewizard.com. Each one square mile section is 640 acres. Metes and bounds were used as the primary survey method before 1785 and were fairly inaccurate, especially before GPS technology. (The figure below shows a variety of divisions in a quarter section.). Title Theory State | Rights, Differences & Purpose. This system utilizes a system of rectangular coordinates to create a map of a parcel of land. Youre likely to see at least a few questions on the real estate license exams on calculating the area of part of a section, and youll also see questions about terminology and some of the measurements that the rectangular survey system uses. The legal description includes the state name, the meridian name, the township and range directions, and usually the section number.

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